どうして

Why?; for what reason?

どうして asks for a reason and can also express surprise.

A learner wonders why an umbrella and jacket are wet on a rainy day.

In plain language

どうして means “why?” It asks for the reason behind an action or situation.

When to use it

Use it when you want to know why someone studies, was absent, or left a window open. The answer usually gives a reason.

How to build it

Put どうして near the beginning of the question. Keep the usual question ending, such as ですか or ますか, at the end.

A basic pattern

どうして + question

Examples in context

The grammar point is shown in blue in each sentence.

  • A student working on Japanese study notes
    どうして毎朝日本語を勉強しているんですか。どうしてまいあさにほんごをべんきょうしているんですか。Why do you study Japanese every morning?
  • Medicine and water beside a bed on a sick day
    どうして昨日休みましたか。どうしてきのうやすみましたか。Why were you absent yesterday?
  • An open window on a rainy day
    どうして窓が開いていますか。どうしてまどがあいていますか。Why is the window open?

Watch for this

どうしてですか日本語を勉強します。 → どうして日本語を勉強しますか。

Place どうして before the question and keep か at the end.

Quick practice: どうして

Check what you remember with three short questions. Your result stays in this browser.

1. What does “どうして毎朝日本語を勉強しているんですか。” mean?

2. What does “どうして昨日休みましたか。” mean?

3. What does “どうして窓が開いていますか。” mean?

Related grammar

Browse N5 grammar

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